IBM AIX Flag Disclosure SPEC CPU2000 Last Revised 24 October, 2001 Source Level Portability Options ================================ -DHOST_WORDS_BIG_ENDIAN (176.gcc) Host system is big-endian. -DAIX (186.crafty) Sets some basic parameters like endian-ess, OS type, and ANSI language extensions to be compatible with an AIX system. -DNEED_EXPLICIT_SPECIALIZATION (252.eon) Supply function definitions with explicit types in two cases where templatized versions fail to compile. -DSPEC_CPU2000_AIX (253.perlbmk) Compile the SPEC CPU2000 modified perl for an AIX system. -DSYS_IS_BSD (254.gap) Compile gap for a BSDish system. -DSYS_STRING_H (254.gap) Do not explicitly include string.h -DSYS_HAS_TIME_PROTO (254.gap) Do not supply prototypes for the time(), times() and getrusage() functions. -DSYS_HAS_MALLOC_PROTO (254.gap) Do not supply prototypes for malloc() and free(). -DSYS_HAS_CALLOC_PROTO (254.gap) Do not supply a prototype for calloc(). -DHAVE_SIGNED_CHAR (300.twolf) System allows signed char type. Compiler Invocation =================== xlc Invokes the compiler for C source files with a default language level of ansi and specifies that it allow type-based aliasing. cc Invokes the compiler for C source files with a default language of extended and specifies that it provide compatibility with older IBM compilers and allow placement of string literals or constant values in read/write storage. cc does not conform to the ISO/ANSI C standard. Compiler Options ================ -ma Use built-in alloca() function. -O Performs optimizations that the compiler developers considered the best combination for compilation speed and runtime performance. -O3 Perform some memory and compile time intensive optimizations in addition to those executed with -O. The -O3 specific optimizations have the potential to slightly alter the semantics of a user's program. Optimizations may include, but are not limited to: Aggressive code motion, and scheduling on computations that have the potential to raise an exception; Relaxed conformance to IEEE rules in cases where the difference in the results is not important to an application; Rewriting of floating point expressions. -O4 Equivalent to -O3 -qipa -qhot with automatic generation of architecture ( -qarch= )and tuning ( -qtune= )options ideal for that platform. The qipa level defaults to level=1. -O5 Equivalent to -O3 -qipa=level=2 -qhot with automatic generation of architecture ( -qarch= ) and tuning ( -qtune= ) options ideal for that platform. -Q, -qinline The -Q option without any list inlines all appropriate procedures, subject to limits on the number of inlined calls and the amount of code size increase as a result. -qinline is an alias for -Q. -Q=xxx Inline all functions that contain less than xxx lines of abstract code units. -q64 Selects 64-bit compiler mode. -qalign=natural The compiler maps structure members to their natural boundaries. -qansialias Use type-based aliasing during optimization -qarch=ppc Produces object code containing instructions that will run on any of the 32-bit PowerPC hardware platforms. -qarch=pwr3 Produces object code containing instructions that will run on power3 processors. -qarch=rs64b Produces object code containing instructions that will run on RS64-II processors. -qessl=yes Specifies that, if either -lessl or -lesslsmp are also specified, then Engineering and Scientific Subroutine Library (ESSL) routines should be used in place of some Fortran 90 intrinsic procedures when there is a safe opportunity to do so. -qfixed Indicates that the input source program is in fixed form. Allows fixed format Fortran 77 programs to be compiled using the xlf90 compiler invocation. -qhot perform high-order transformations on loops during optimization. -qipa=level=1 Turns on interprocedural analysis with inlining, limited alias analysis, and limited call-site tailoring. This is the default level of -qipa. -qipa=level=2 Turns on interprocedural analysis with inlining, cloning, full alias analysis, constant propagation, call-site tailoring, and dead code removal. -qinline Alias for -Q. See -Q. -qipa=partition=large Specifies the size of the regions within the program to analyze. Larger partitions contain more procesures, which result in better interprocedural analysis but require more storage to optimize. -qlanglvl=ansi Compilation conforms to the ANSI standard. -qpdf/pdf2 Profile directed feedback optimization -qsuffix=f=f90 Sets the suffix for source files to be .f90. The .f90 suffix is required by xlf90 to compile Fortran 90 programs. -qtune=604 Instruction selection, scheduling, and other implementation dependent performance enhancements for the PowerPC 604/604e processor. -qtune=pwr3 Instruction selection, scheduling, and other implementation dependent performance enhancements for the Power3 processor. -qtune=rs64b Instruction selection, scheduling, and other implementation dependent performance enhancements for the RS64-II processor. Linker Options ============== -lessl Link the Engineering and Scientifc Subroutine Library (ESSL). -lmass Link the mathematical acceleration subsystem libraries (MASS), which contain libraries of tuned mathematical intrinsic functions. See www.austin.ibm.com/tech/MASS. -lhmu Link fast malloc libraries. These libraries are part of the memdbg package that is included with IBM C compilers. -lpdf Routines used in the first pass of the profile directed feedback process. Routines from this library are not used in building the final executable. In newer compilers, -qpdf1 does this automatically, so using this in conjunction with -qpdf1 is redundant. -bnso Brings referenced library procedures into the object file -bI:/lib/syscalls.exp Create statically linked object files (syscalls.exp supplies the names of the routines that can be imported). FDPR: ----- The fdpr (feedback directed program restructuring) program optimizes the executable image of a program by collecting information on the behavior of the program while the program is used for some typical workload, and then creating a new version. It is available on AIX Version 4 systems as part of the Performance Toolbox for AIX. Options: -o OutFile Specifies the name of the output file from the optimizer. -p ProgramName The name of the executable program to optimize. -v Selects verbose output during processing/compilation -x Command Specifies the command used for invoking the instrumented program. All the arguments after the -x flag are used for the invocation. -R2 Employ a program-reordering technique in which the original structure of the program, including traceback entries, is preserved. -R3 Employ global reordering techniques that do not preserve debug information.