SPEC CPU(R)2017 Floating Point Speed Result Supermicro UP SuperServer SYS-111R-M (X13SCH-SYS , Intel Xeon E-2414) CPU2017 License: 001176 Test date: Dec-2023 Test sponsor: Supermicro Hardware availability: Dec-2023 Tested by: Supermicro Software availability: Dec-2023 Base Base Base Peak Peak Peak Benchmarks Threads Run Time Ratio Threads Run Time Ratio --------------- ------- --------- --------- ------- --------- --------- 603.bwaves_s 4 444 133 S 4 443 133 * 603.bwaves_s 4 443 133 * 4 443 133 S 603.bwaves_s 4 443 133 S 4 443 133 S 607.cactuBSSN_s 4 243 68.6 * 4 243 68.6 * 607.cactuBSSN_s 4 241 69.2 S 4 241 69.2 S 607.cactuBSSN_s 4 244 68.3 S 4 244 68.3 S 619.lbm_s 4 122 42.9 * 4 122 42.9 * 619.lbm_s 4 122 42.9 S 4 122 42.9 S 619.lbm_s 4 123 42.6 S 4 123 42.6 S 621.wrf_s 4 202 65.4 * 4 202 65.4 * 621.wrf_s 4 202 65.4 S 4 202 65.4 S 621.wrf_s 4 202 65.5 S 4 202 65.5 S 627.cam4_s 4 325 27.2 S 4 324 27.3 S 627.cam4_s 4 325 27.3 * 4 325 27.3 S 627.cam4_s 4 324 27.3 S 4 325 27.3 * 628.pop2_s 4 228 52.2 S 4 228 52.2 S 628.pop2_s 4 227 52.3 * 4 227 52.3 * 628.pop2_s 4 227 52.4 S 4 227 52.4 S 638.imagick_s 4 126 114 S 4 126 114 S 638.imagick_s 4 124 116 * 4 124 116 * 638.imagick_s 4 124 117 S 4 124 117 S 644.nab_s 4 280 62.5 * 4 280 62.5 * 644.nab_s 4 280 62.5 S 4 280 62.5 S 644.nab_s 4 279 62.5 S 4 279 62.5 S 649.fotonik3d_s 4 302 30.1 * 4 302 30.1 * 649.fotonik3d_s 4 303 30.1 S 4 303 30.1 S 649.fotonik3d_s 4 302 30.2 S 4 302 30.2 S 654.roms_s 4 421 37.4 S 4 421 37.4 S 654.roms_s 4 419 37.6 S 4 419 37.6 S 654.roms_s 4 420 37.5 * 4 420 37.5 * ================================================================================= 603.bwaves_s 4 443 133 * 4 443 133 * 607.cactuBSSN_s 4 243 68.6 * 4 243 68.6 * 619.lbm_s 4 122 42.9 * 4 122 42.9 * 621.wrf_s 4 202 65.4 * 4 202 65.4 * 627.cam4_s 4 325 27.3 * 4 325 27.3 * 628.pop2_s 4 227 52.3 * 4 227 52.3 * 638.imagick_s 4 124 116 * 4 124 116 * 644.nab_s 4 280 62.5 * 4 280 62.5 * 649.fotonik3d_s 4 302 30.1 * 4 302 30.1 * 654.roms_s 4 420 37.5 * 4 420 37.5 * SPECspeed(R)2017_fp_base 55.9 SPECspeed(R)2017_fp_peak 55.9 HARDWARE -------- CPU Name: Intel Xeon E-2414 Max MHz: 4500 Nominal: 2600 Enabled: 4 cores, 1 chip Orderable: 1 chip Cache L1: 32 KB I + 48 KB D on chip per core L2: 2 MB I+D on chip per core L3: 12 MB I+D on chip per chip Other: None Memory: 64 GB (2 x 32 GB 2Rx8 PC5-4800B-U, running at 4400) Storage: 1 x 512 GB M.2 NVMe SSD Other: None SOFTWARE -------- OS: SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP5 Kernel 5.14.21-150500.53-default Compiler: C/C++: Version 2023.2.3 of Intel oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler for Linux; Fortran: Version 2023.2.3 of Intel Fortran Compiler for Linux; Parallel: Yes Firmware: Version 1.1 released Dec-2023 File System: xfs System State: Run level 3 (multi-user) Base Pointers: 64-bit Peak Pointers: 64-bit Other: jemalloc memory allocator V5.0.1 Power Management: BIOS set to prefer performance at the cost of additional power usage. Operating System Notes ---------------------- Stack size set to unlimited using "ulimit -s unlimited" Environment Variables Notes --------------------------- Environment variables set by runcpu before the start of the run: KMP_AFFINITY = "granularity=fine,compact" LD_LIBRARY_PATH = "/home/cpu2017/lib/intel64:/home/cpu2017/je5.0.1-64" MALLOC_CONF = "retain:true" OMP_STACKSIZE = "192M" General Notes ------------- Binaries compiled on a system with 2x Intel Xeon Platinum 8280M CPU + 384GB RAM memory using Redhat Enterprise Linux 8.0 Transparent Huge Pages enabled by default Prior to runcpu invocation Filesystem page cache synced and cleared with: sync; echo 3> /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches NA: The test sponsor attests, as of date of publication, that CVE-2017-5754 (Meltdown) is mitigated in the system as tested and documented. Yes: The test sponsor attests, as of date of publication, that CVE-2017-5753 (Spectre variant 1) is mitigated in the system as tested and documented. Yes: The test sponsor attests, as of date of publication, that CVE-2017-5715 (Spectre variant 2) is mitigated in the system as tested and documented. jemalloc, a general purpose malloc implementation built with the RedHat Enterprise 7.5, and the system compiler gcc 4.8.5 sources available from jemalloc.net or https://github.com/jemalloc/jemalloc/releases Platform Notes -------------- BIOS Settings: Hyper-Threading = Disable Sysinfo program /home/cpu2017/bin/sysinfo Rev: r6732 of 2022-11-07 fe91c89b7ed5c36ae2c92cc097bec197 running on 135-172-248 Wed Dec 20 03:56:04 2023 SUT (System Under Test) info as seen by some common utilities. ------------------------------------------------------------ Table of contents ------------------------------------------------------------ 1. uname -a 2. w 3. Username 4. ulimit -a 5. sysinfo process ancestry 6. /proc/cpuinfo 7. lscpu 8. numactl --hardware 9. /proc/meminfo 10. who -r 11. Systemd service manager version: systemd 249 (249.16+suse.171.gdad0071f15) 12. Services, from systemctl list-unit-files 13. Linux kernel boot-time arguments, from /proc/cmdline 14. cpupower frequency-info 15. sysctl 16. /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage 17. /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/khugepaged 18. OS release 19. Disk information 20. /sys/devices/virtual/dmi/id 21. dmidecode 22. BIOS ------------------------------------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------ 1. uname -a Linux 135-172-248 5.14.21-150500.53-default #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Wed May 10 07:56:26 UTC 2023 (b630043) x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux ------------------------------------------------------------ 2. w 03:56:04 up 9:53, 1 user, load average: 1.70, 2.79, 2.30 USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT root tty1 - 18:03 9:49m 0.82s 0.01s -bash ------------------------------------------------------------ 3. Username From environment variable $USER: root ------------------------------------------------------------ 4. ulimit -a core file size (blocks, -c) unlimited data seg size (kbytes, -d) unlimited scheduling priority (-e) 0 file size (blocks, -f) unlimited pending signals (-i) 256589 max locked memory (kbytes, -l) 64 max memory size (kbytes, -m) unlimited open files (-n) 1024 pipe size (512 bytes, -p) 8 POSIX message queues (bytes, -q) 819200 real-time priority (-r) 0 stack size (kbytes, -s) unlimited cpu time (seconds, -t) unlimited max user processes (-u) 256589 virtual memory (kbytes, -v) unlimited file locks (-x) unlimited ------------------------------------------------------------ 5. sysinfo process ancestry /usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deserialize 30 login -- root -bash -bash runcpu --nobuild --action validate --define default-platform-flags -c ic2023.2.3-lin-core-avx2-speed-20231121.cfg --define cores=4 --tune base,peak -o all --define drop_caches fpspeed runcpu --nobuild --action validate --define default-platform-flags --configfile ic2023.2.3-lin-core-avx2-speed-20231121.cfg --define cores=4 --tune base,peak --output_format all --define drop_caches --nopower --runmode speed --tune base:peak --size refspeed fpspeed --nopreenv --note-preenv --logfile $SPEC/tmp/CPU2017.004/templogs/preenv.fpspeed.004.0.log --lognum 004.0 --from_runcpu 2 specperl $SPEC/bin/sysinfo $SPEC = /home/cpu2017 ------------------------------------------------------------ 6. /proc/cpuinfo model name : Intel(R) Xeon(R) E E-2414 vendor_id : GenuineIntel cpu family : 6 model : 183 stepping : 1 microcode : 0x11f bugs : spectre_v1 spectre_v2 spec_store_bypass swapgs eibrs_pbrsb cpu cores : 4 siblings : 4 1 physical ids (chips) 4 processors (hardware threads) physical id 0: core ids 0-3 physical id 0: apicids 0,2,4,6 Caution: /proc/cpuinfo data regarding chips, cores, and threads is not necessarily reliable, especially for virtualized systems. Use the above data carefully. ------------------------------------------------------------ 7. lscpu From lscpu from util-linux 2.37.4: Architecture: x86_64 CPU op-mode(s): 32-bit, 64-bit Address sizes: 42 bits physical, 48 bits virtual Byte Order: Little Endian CPU(s): 4 On-line CPU(s) list: 0-3 Vendor ID: GenuineIntel Model name: Intel(R) Xeon(R) E E-2414 CPU family: 6 Model: 183 Thread(s) per core: 1 Core(s) per socket: 4 Socket(s): 1 Stepping: 1 Frequency boost: enabled CPU max MHz: 2601.0000 CPU min MHz: 800.0000 BogoMIPS: 5222.40 Flags: fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss ht tm pbe syscall nx pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc art arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf tsc_known_freq pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl vmx smx est tm2 ssse3 sdbg fma cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 x2apic movbe popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx f16c rdrand lahf_lm abm 3dnowprefetch cpuid_fault epb invpcid_single ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp ibrs_enhanced tpr_shadow vnmi flexpriority ept vpid ept_ad fsgsbase tsc_adjust bmi1 avx2 smep bmi2 erms invpcid rdseed adx smap clflushopt clwb intel_pt sha_ni xsaveopt xsavec xgetbv1 xsaves split_lock_detect avx_vnni dtherm ida arat pln pts hfi umip pku ospke waitpkg gfni vaes vpclmulqdq tme rdpid movdiri movdir64b fsrm md_clear serialize pconfig arch_lbr flush_l1d arch_capabilities Virtualization: VT-x L1d cache: 192 KiB (4 instances) L1i cache: 128 KiB (4 instances) L2 cache: 8 MiB (4 instances) L3 cache: 12 MiB (1 instance) NUMA node(s): 1 NUMA node0 CPU(s): 0-3 Vulnerability Itlb multihit: Not affected Vulnerability L1tf: Not affected Vulnerability Mds: Not affected Vulnerability Meltdown: Not affected Vulnerability Mmio stale data: Not affected Vulnerability Retbleed: Not affected Vulnerability Spec store bypass: Mitigation; Speculative Store Bypass disabled via prctl and seccomp Vulnerability Spectre v1: Mitigation; usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization Vulnerability Spectre v2: Mitigation; Enhanced IBRS, IBPB conditional, RSB filling, PBRSB-eIBRS SW sequence Vulnerability Srbds: Not affected Vulnerability Tsx async abort: Not affected From lscpu --cache: NAME ONE-SIZE ALL-SIZE WAYS TYPE LEVEL SETS PHY-LINE COHERENCY-SIZE L1d 48K 192K 12 Data 1 64 1 64 L1i 32K 128K 8 Instruction 1 64 1 64 L2 2M 8M 16 Unified 2 2048 1 64 L3 12M 12M 6 Unified 3 32768 1 64 ------------------------------------------------------------ 8. numactl --hardware NOTE: a numactl 'node' might or might not correspond to a physical chip. available: 1 nodes (0) node 0 cpus: 0-3 node 0 size: 64178 MB node 0 free: 44791 MB node distances: node 0 0: 10 ------------------------------------------------------------ 9. /proc/meminfo MemTotal: 65718420 kB ------------------------------------------------------------ 10. who -r run-level 3 Dec 19 18:03 ------------------------------------------------------------ 11. Systemd service manager version: systemd 249 (249.16+suse.171.gdad0071f15) Default Target Status multi-user running ------------------------------------------------------------ 12. Services, from systemctl list-unit-files STATE UNIT FILES enabled YaST2-Firstboot YaST2-Second-Stage apparmor auditd cron display-manager getty@ irqbalance issue-generator kbdsettings klog lvm2-monitor nscd nvmefc-boot-connections postfix purge-kernels rollback rsyslog smartd sshd systemd-pstore wicked wickedd-auto4 wickedd-dhcp4 wickedd-dhcp6 wickedd-nanny enabled-runtime systemd-remount-fs disabled autofs autoyast-initscripts blk-availability boot-sysctl ca-certificates chrony-wait chronyd console-getty cups cups-browsed debug-shell ebtables exchange-bmc-os-info firewalld gpm grub2-once haveged haveged-switch-root ipmi ipmievd issue-add-ssh-keys kexec-load lunmask man-db-create multipathd nfs nfs-blkmap nvmf-autoconnect rpcbind rpmconfigcheck rsyncd serial-getty@ smartd_generate_opts snmpd snmptrapd systemd-boot-check-no-failures systemd-network-generator systemd-sysext systemd-time-wait-sync systemd-timesyncd udisks2 vncserver@ indirect wickedd ------------------------------------------------------------ 13. Linux kernel boot-time arguments, from /proc/cmdline BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-5.14.21-150500.53-default root=UUID=9de9855c-b179-4e5b-8330-3742dedc18b2 splash=silent mitigations=auto quiet security=apparmor ------------------------------------------------------------ 14. cpupower frequency-info analyzing CPU 0: current policy: frequency should be within 800 MHz and 2.60 GHz. The governor "ondemand" may decide which speed to use within this range. boost state support: Supported: yes Active: yes ------------------------------------------------------------ 15. sysctl kernel.numa_balancing 0 kernel.randomize_va_space 2 vm.compaction_proactiveness 20 vm.dirty_background_bytes 0 vm.dirty_background_ratio 10 vm.dirty_bytes 0 vm.dirty_expire_centisecs 3000 vm.dirty_ratio 20 vm.dirty_writeback_centisecs 500 vm.dirtytime_expire_seconds 43200 vm.extfrag_threshold 500 vm.min_unmapped_ratio 1 vm.nr_hugepages 0 vm.nr_hugepages_mempolicy 0 vm.nr_overcommit_hugepages 0 vm.swappiness 60 vm.watermark_boost_factor 15000 vm.watermark_scale_factor 10 vm.zone_reclaim_mode 0 ------------------------------------------------------------ 16. /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage defrag always defer defer+madvise [madvise] never enabled [always] madvise never hpage_pmd_size 2097152 shmem_enabled always within_size advise [never] deny force ------------------------------------------------------------ 17. /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/khugepaged alloc_sleep_millisecs 60000 defrag 1 max_ptes_none 511 max_ptes_shared 256 max_ptes_swap 64 pages_to_scan 4096 scan_sleep_millisecs 10000 ------------------------------------------------------------ 18. OS release From /etc/*-release /etc/*-version os-release SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15 SP5 ------------------------------------------------------------ 19. Disk information SPEC is set to: /home/cpu2017 Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/nvme0n1p2 xfs 475G 40G 435G 9% / ------------------------------------------------------------ 20. /sys/devices/virtual/dmi/id Vendor: Supermicro Product: Super Server Serial: 0123456789 ------------------------------------------------------------ 21. dmidecode Additional information from dmidecode 3.4 follows. WARNING: Use caution when you interpret this section. The 'dmidecode' program reads system data which is "intended to allow hardware to be accurately determined", but the intent may not be met, as there are frequent changes to hardware, firmware, and the "DMTF SMBIOS" standard. Memory: 2x Micron Technology MTC16C2085S1UC48BA1 32 GB 2 rank 4800, configured at 4400 ------------------------------------------------------------ 22. BIOS (This section combines info from /sys/devices and dmidecode.) BIOS Vendor: American Megatrends International, LLC. BIOS Version: 1.1 BIOS Date: 12/08/2023 BIOS Revision: 5.27 Compiler Version Notes ---------------------- ============================================================================================================ C | 619.lbm_s(base, peak) 638.imagick_s(base, peak) 644.nab_s(base, peak) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Intel(R) oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler for applications running on Intel(R) 64, Version 2023.2.3 Build x Copyright (C) 1985-2023 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ============================================================================================================ C++, C, Fortran | 607.cactuBSSN_s(base, peak) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Intel(R) oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler for applications running on Intel(R) 64, Version 2023.2.3 Build x Copyright (C) 1985-2023 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. Intel(R) oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler for applications running on Intel(R) 64, Version 2023.2.3 Build x Copyright (C) 1985-2023 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. Intel(R) Fortran Compiler for applications running on Intel(R) 64, Version 2023.2.3 Build x Copyright (C) 1985-2023 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ============================================================================================================ Fortran | 603.bwaves_s(base, peak) 649.fotonik3d_s(base, peak) 654.roms_s(base, peak) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Intel(R) Fortran Compiler for applications running on Intel(R) 64, Version 2023.2.3 Build x Copyright (C) 1985-2023 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ============================================================================================================ Fortran, C | 621.wrf_s(base, peak) 627.cam4_s(base, peak) 628.pop2_s(base, peak) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Intel(R) Fortran Compiler for applications running on Intel(R) 64, Version 2023.2.3 Build x Copyright (C) 1985-2023 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. Intel(R) oneAPI DPC++/C++ Compiler for applications running on Intel(R) 64, Version 2023.2.3 Build x Copyright (C) 1985-2023 Intel Corporation. All rights reserved. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Base Compiler Invocation ------------------------ C benchmarks: icx Fortran benchmarks: ifx Benchmarks using both Fortran and C: ifx icx Benchmarks using Fortran, C, and C++: icpx icx ifx Base Portability Flags ---------------------- 603.bwaves_s: -DSPEC_LP64 607.cactuBSSN_s: -DSPEC_LP64 619.lbm_s: -DSPEC_LP64 621.wrf_s: -DSPEC_LP64 -DSPEC_CASE_FLAG -convert big_endian 627.cam4_s: -DSPEC_LP64 -DSPEC_CASE_FLAG 628.pop2_s: -DSPEC_LP64 -DSPEC_CASE_FLAG -convert big_endian -assume byterecl 638.imagick_s: -DSPEC_LP64 644.nab_s: -DSPEC_LP64 649.fotonik3d_s: -DSPEC_LP64 654.roms_s: -DSPEC_LP64 Base Optimization Flags ----------------------- C benchmarks: -w -std=c11 -m64 -Wl,-z,muldefs -xCORE-AVX2 -Ofast -ffast-math -flto -mfpmath=sse -funroll-loops -qopt-mem-layout-trans=4 -fiopenmp -DSPEC_OPENMP -Wno-implicit-int -L/usr/local/jemalloc64-5.0.1/lib -ljemalloc Fortran benchmarks: -w -m64 -Wl,-z,muldefs -DSPEC_OPENMP -xCORE-AVX2 -Ofast -ffast-math -flto -mfpmath=sse -funroll-loops -qopt-mem-layout-trans=4 -fiopenmp -nostandard-realloc-lhs -align array32byte -auto -L/usr/local/jemalloc64-5.0.1/lib -ljemalloc Benchmarks using both Fortran and C: -w -m64 -std=c11 -Wl,-z,muldefs -xCORE-AVX2 -Ofast -ffast-math -flto -mfpmath=sse -funroll-loops -qopt-mem-layout-trans=4 -fiopenmp -DSPEC_OPENMP -Wno-implicit-int -nostandard-realloc-lhs -align array32byte -auto -L/usr/local/jemalloc64-5.0.1/lib -ljemalloc Benchmarks using Fortran, C, and C++: -w -std=c++14 -m64 -std=c11 -Wl,-z,muldefs -xCORE-AVX2 -Ofast -ffast-math -flto -mfpmath=sse -funroll-loops -qopt-mem-layout-trans=4 -fiopenmp -DSPEC_OPENMP -Wno-implicit-int -nostandard-realloc-lhs -align array32byte -auto -L/usr/local/jemalloc64-5.0.1/lib -ljemalloc Peak Compiler Invocation ------------------------ C benchmarks: icx Fortran benchmarks: ifx Benchmarks using both Fortran and C: ifx icx Benchmarks using Fortran, C, and C++: icpx icx ifx Peak Portability Flags ---------------------- Same as Base Portability Flags Peak Optimization Flags ----------------------- C benchmarks: 619.lbm_s: basepeak = yes 638.imagick_s: basepeak = yes 644.nab_s: basepeak = yes Fortran benchmarks: 603.bwaves_s: -w -m64 -Wl,-z,muldefs -DSPEC_OPENMP -xCORE-AVX2 -Ofast -ffast-math -flto -mfpmath=sse -funroll-loops -qopt-mem-layout-trans=4 -fiopenmp -nostandard-realloc-lhs -align array32byte -auto -L/usr/local/jemalloc64-5.0.1/lib -ljemalloc 649.fotonik3d_s: basepeak = yes 654.roms_s: basepeak = yes Benchmarks using both Fortran and C: 621.wrf_s: basepeak = yes 627.cam4_s: -w -m64 -std=c11 -Wl,-z,muldefs -xCORE-AVX2 -Ofast -ffast-math -flto -mfpmath=sse -funroll-loops -qopt-mem-layout-trans=4 -fiopenmp -DSPEC_OPENMP -Wno-implicit-int -nostandard-realloc-lhs -align array32byte -auto -L/usr/local/jemalloc64-5.0.1/lib -ljemalloc 628.pop2_s: basepeak = yes Benchmarks using Fortran, C, and C++: 607.cactuBSSN_s: basepeak = yes The flags files that were used to format this result can be browsed at http://www.spec.org/cpu2017/flags/Intel-ic2023p2-official-linux64.html http://www.spec.org/cpu2017/flags/Supermicro-Platform-Settings-V1.2-RKL-revB.html You can also download the XML flags sources by saving the following links: http://www.spec.org/cpu2017/flags/Intel-ic2023p2-official-linux64.xml http://www.spec.org/cpu2017/flags/Supermicro-Platform-Settings-V1.2-RKL-revB.xml SPEC CPU and SPECspeed are registered trademarks of the Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation. All other brand and product names appearing in this result are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- For questions about this result, please contact the tester. For other inquiries, please contact info@spec.org. Copyright 2017-2024 Standard Performance Evaluation Corporation Tested with SPEC CPU(R)2017 v1.1.9 on 2023-12-19 14:56:03-0500. Report generated on 2024-01-30 23:27:54 by CPU2017 text formatter v6255. Originally published on 2024-01-30.