Compilers: IBM XL C/C++ for Linux V10.1 and XL Fortran for Linux V12.1
Compilers: IBM XL C/C++ for Linux V11.1 and XL Fortran for Linux V13.1
Operating systems: SUSE Linux Enterprise 10, SUSE Linux Enterprise 11, and Red Hat Enterprise Linux Advanced Platform 5, and Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.0
Last updated: 15-Oct-2010
]]>echo 200 > /proc/sys/vm/nr_hugepagesor
echo 200 > /proc/sys/vm/nr_overcommit_hugepagesto allocate from the dynamic hugepage pool.
Usage: chsyscfg -r lpar | prof | sys | sysprof | frame -m <managed system> | -e <managed frame> -f <configuration file> | -i "<configuration data>" [--help] Changes partitions, partition profiles, system profiles, or the attributes of a managed system or a managed frame. -r - the type of resource(s) to be changed: lpar - partition prof - partition profile sys - managed system sysprof - system profile frame - managed frame -m <managed system> - the managed system's name -e <managed frame> - the managed frame's name -f <configuration file> - the name of the file containing the configuration data for this command. The format is: attr_name1=value,attr_name2=value,... or "attr_name1=value1,value2,...",... -i "<configuration data>" - the configuration data for this command. The format is: "attr_name1=value,attr_name2=value,..." or ""attr_name1=value1,value2,...",..." --help - prints this help The valid attribute names for this command are: -r prof required: name, lpar_id | lpar_name optional: ... lpar_proc_compat_mode (default | POWER6_enhanced)
submit = numactl --membind=\$SPECCOPYNUM --physcpubind=\$SPECCOPYNUM $command
--membind=nodes Only allocate memory from nodes. Allocation will fail when there is not enough memory available on these nodes. --physcpubind=cpus Only execute process on cpus. This accepts physical cpu numbers as shown in the processor fields of /proc/cpuinfo.
HUGETLB_VERBOSE=0 : Turn off any debugging message from libhugetlbfs HUGETLB_MORECORE=yes: Instructs libhugetlbfs to override libc's normal morecore() function with a hugepage version and use it for malloc(). HUGETLB_MORECORE_HEAPBASE=0x50000000: Specifies that the hugepage heap address to start at 0x50000000. HUGETLB_ELFMAP=R ; Instructs libhugetlbfs to place text segment in hugepages. HUGETLB_ELFMAP=W ; Instructs libhugetlbfs to place data and BSS segments in hugepages. HUGETLB_ELFMAP=RW ; Instructs libhugetlbfs to place all segments in hugepages. HUGETLB_ELFMAP=no ; Instructs libhugetlbfs not to place any segment in hugepages. XLFRTEOPTS=intrinthrds=1 : Causes the Fortran runtime to only use a single thread.
- First we copied the original executable (baseexe) to baseexe.orig. - Then, the executable is instrumented and its initial profile generated, as follows: $ fdprpro -a instr baseexe The output will be generated (by default) in baseexe.instr and its profile in baseexe.nprof. - Next, run baseexe.instr using the training data. This will fill the profile file with information that characterizes the training workload. - Finally, re-run FDPR-Pro with the profile file provided, as follows: $ fdprpro -a opt -f baseexe.nprof [optimization options] baseexe Instrumentation Options Descriptions: -ei, --embedded-instrumentation Perform embedded instrumentation. The profile will be collected into global variables. -fd Fdesc, --file-descriptor Fdesc Set the file descriptor number to be used when opening the profile file. The default of Fdesc is set to the maximum-allowed number of open files. -imullX, --mullX-instrumentation perform value profiling of RA and RB operands in mullX instruc- tions. -issu, --instrumentation-safe-stack-usage Ensure additional stack space is properly allocated for the instrumented run. Use this option if your application uses stack extensively (e.g., when the program uses alloca()). Note that this option adds extra overhead on instrumentation code. -iso offset, --instrumentation-stack-offset offset Set the offset from the stack, a negative number, where the instrumentation's area for saving registers is kept at runtime. Use with care. -M addr, --profile-map addr Set shared memory segment address for profiling. Alternative shared memory addresses are needed when the instrumented program application creates a conflict with the shared-memory addresses preserved for the profiling. Typical alternative values are 0x40000000, 0x50000000, ... up to 0xC0000000. The default is set to 0x3000000. -[no]ri, --[no]register-instrumentation Instrument the input program file to collect profile information about indirect branches via registers. The default is set to col- lect the profile information. -[no]sfp, --[no]save-floating-point-registers Save floating point registers in instrumented code. The default is set to save floating point registers. Optimization Options Descriptions: -A alignment, --align-code alignment Align program so that hot code will be aligned on alignment-byte addresses. -abb factor, --align-basic-blocks factor Align basic blocks that are hotter than the average by a given (float) factor. This is a lower-level machine-specific alignment compared to --align-code. Value of -1 (the default) disables this option. -bf, --branch-folding Eliminate branch to branch instructions. -bldcg, --build-dcg Build a Data Connectivity Graph (DCG) for enhanced data reordering (applicable only with the -RD flag). -bp, --branch-prediction Set branch prediction bit for conditional branches according to the collected profile. -btcar, --branch-table-csect-anchor-removal Eliminate load instructions used when accessing branch tables. -cbtd, --convert-bss-to-data Convert BSS section into a data section. This is useful for more aggressive tocload and RD optimizations. -cRD, --conservativeRD Perform conservative static data reordering by packing together all frequently referenced static variables. -dce, --dead-code-elimination Eliminate instructions related to unused local variables within frequently executed functions. This is useful mainly after apply- ing function inlining optimization. -dp, --data-prefetch Insert data-cache prefetch instructions to improve data-cache per- formance. -dpht threshold, --data-placement-hotness-threshold threshold Set data placement algorithm hotness threshold between (0,1), where 0 reorders the static variables in large groups based on the control flow, and 1 reorders the variables in very small groups based on their access frequency. (This is applicable only with the -RD flag). -dpnf factor, --data-placement-normalization-factor factor Set data placement algorithm normalization factor between (0,1), where 0 causes static variables to be reordered regardless of their size, and 1 locates only small sized variables first. (applicable only with the -RD flag). -ece, --epilog-code-eliminate Reduce code size by grouping common instructions in function epi- logs, into a single unified code. -fc, --function-cloning Enable function cloning phase only during function inlining opti- mizations (applicable only with function inlining flags: -i, -si, -ihf, -isf, -shci). -hr, --hco-reschedule Relocate instructions from frequently executed code to rarely exe- cuted code areas, when possible. -hrf factor, --hco-resched-factor factor Set the aggressiveness of the -hr optimization option according to a factor value between (0,1), where 0 is the least aggressive fac- tor (applicable only with the -hr option). -i, --inline Same as --selective-inline with --inline-small-funcs 12. -ihf pct, --inline-hot-functions pct Inline all function call sites to functions that have a frequency count greater than the given pct frequency percentage. -isf size, --inline-small-funcs size Inline all functions that are smaller than or equal to the given size in bytes. -kr, --killed-registers Eliminate stores and restores of registers that are killed (over- written) after frequently executed function calls. -lap, --load-address-propagation Eliminate load instructions of variable addresses by re-using pre- loaded addresses of adjacent variables. -las, --load-after-store Add NOP instructions to place each load instruction further apart following a store instruction that references the same memory address. -lro, --link-register-optimization Eliminate saves and restores of the link register in frequently- executed functions. -lu aggressiveness_factor, --loop-unroll aggressiveness_factor Unroll short loops containing one to several basic blocks accord- ing to an aggressiveness factor between (1,9), where 1 is the least aggressive unrolling option for very hot and short loops. -lun unrolling_number, --loop-unrolling-number unrolling_number Set the number of unrolled iterations in each unrolled loop. The allowed range is between (2,50). Default is set to 2. (Applicable only with the -lu flag). -nop, --nop-removal Remove NOP instructions from reordered code. -O Switch on basic optimizations only. Same as -RC -nop -bp -bf. -O2 Switch on less aggressive optimization flags. Same as -O -hr -pto -isf 8 -tlo -kr. -O3 Switch on aggressive optimization flags. Same as -O2 -RD -isf 12 -si -dp -lro -las -vro -btcar -lu 9 -rt 0 -so. -O4 Switch on aggressive optimization flags together with aggressive function inlining. Same as -O3 -sidf 50 -ihf 20 -sdp 9 -shci 90 and -bldcg (for XCOFF files). -O5 Switch on aggressive optimization flags together with HLR opti- mization. Same as -O4 -sa -gcpyp -gcnstp -dce -vrox. -omullX, --mullX-optimization Optimize mullX instructions by adding a run-time check on RA and RB and performing equivalent operations with lower penalty. The optimization requires the use of -imullX in the instrumentation phase. -pbsi, --path-based-selective-inline Perform selective inlining of dominant hot function calls based on the control flow paths leading to hot functions. -pc, --preserve-csects Preserve CSects' boundaries in reordered code. -pca, --propagate-constant-area Relocate the constant variables area to the top of the code sec- tion when possible. -pfb, --preserve-first-bb Preserve original location of the entry point basic block in pro- gram. -pp, --preserve-functions Preserve functions' boundaries in reordered code. -[no]pr, --[no]ptrgl-r11 Perform removal of R11 load instruction in _ptrgl csect. -pto, --ptrgl-optimization Perform optimization of indirect call instructions via registers by replacing them with conditional direct jumps. -ptoht heatness_threshold, --ptrgl-optimization-heatness-threshold heatness_threshold Set the frequency threshold for indirect calls that are to be optimized by -pto optimization. Allowed range between 0 and 1. Default is set to 0.8. (Applicable only with -pto flag). -ptosl limit_size, --ptrgl-optimization-size-limit limit_size Set the limit of the number of conditional statements generated by -pto optimization. Allowed values are between 1 and 100. Default value is set to 3. (Applicable only with the -pto flag). -RC, --reorder-code Perform code reordering. -rcaf aggressiveness_factor, --reorder-code-aggressivenes-factor aggressiveness_factor Set the aggressiveness of code reordering optimization. Allowed values are [0 1 2], where 0 preserves then original code order and 2 is the most aggressive. Default is set to 1. (Applicable only with the -RC flag). -rccrf reversal_factor, --reorder-code-condition-reversal-factor rever- sal_factor Set the threshold fraction that determines when to enable condi- tion reversal for each conditional branch during code reordering. Allowed input range is between 0.0 and 1.0 where 0.0 tries to pre- serve original condition direction and 1.0 ignores it. Default is set to 0.8 (Applicable only with the -RC flag). -rcctf termination_factor, --reorder-code-chain-termination-factor ter- mination_factor Set the threshold fraction that determines when to terminate each chain of basic blocks during code reordering. Allowed input range is between 0.0 and 1.0 where 0.0 generates long chains and 1.0 creates single basic block chains. Default is set to 0.05. (Appli- cable only with the -RC flag). -RD, --reorder-data Perform static data reordering. -rmte, --remove-multiple-toc-entries Remove multiple TOC entries pointing to the same location in the input program file. -rt removal_factor, --reduce-toc removal_factor Perform removal of TOC entries according to a removal factor between (0,1), where 0 removes non-accessed TOC entries only and 1 removes all possible TOC entries. -rtb, --remove-traceback-tables Remove traceback tables in reordered code. -sdp aggressiveness_factor, --stride-data-prefetch aggressiveness_fac- tor Perform data prefetching within frequently executed loops based on stride analysis, according to an aggressiveness factor between (1,9), where 1 is the least aggressive. -sdpla iterations_number, --stride-data-prefetch-look-ahead itera- tions_number Set the number of iterations for which data is prefetched into the cache ahead of time. Default value is set to 4 iterations. (Appli- cable only with the -sdp flag). -sdpms stride_min_size, --stride-data-prefetch-min-size stride_min_size Set the minimal stride size in bytes, for which data will be con- sidered a candidate for prefetching. Default value is set to 128 bytes. (Applicable only with the -sdp flag). -see level Use simplified prolog/epilog for functions that perform condi- tional early-exit. Use basic optimization with level=0 and maximal with level=1. -shci pct, --selective-hot-code-inline pct Perform selective inlining of functions in order to decrease the total number of execution counts, so that only functions with hot- ness above the given percentage are inlined. -si, --selective-inline Perform selective inlining of dominant hot function calls. -sidf percentage_factor, --selective-inline-dominant-factor percent- age_factor Set a dominant factor percentage for selective inline optimiza- tion. The allowed range is between 0 and 100. Default is set to 80. (Applicable only with the -si and -pbsi flags). -siht frequency_factor, --selective-inline-hotness-threshold fre- quency_factor Set a hotness threshold factor percentage for selective inline optimization to inline all dominant function calls that have a frequency count greater than the given frequency percentage. Default is set to 100. (Applicable only with the -si -pbsi flags). -slbp, --spinlock-branch-prediction Perform branch prediction bit setting for conditional branches in spinlock code containing l*arx and st*cx instructions. (Applicable after -bp flag). -sldp, --spinlock-data-prefetch Perform data prefetching for memory access instructions preceding spinlock code containing l*arx and st*cx instructions. -sll Lib1:Prof1,...,LibN:ProfN, --static-link-libraries Lib1:Prof1,...,LibN:ProfN Statically link hot code from specified dynamically linked libraries to the input program. The parameter consists of a comma- separated list of libraries and their profiles. IMPORTANT: Licens- ing rights of specified libraries should be observed when applying this copying optimization. -sllht hotness_threshold, --static-link-libraries-hotness-threshold hotness_threshold Set hotness threshold for the --static-link-libraries optimiza- tion. The allowed input range is between 0 (least aggressive) and 1, or -1, which does not require a profile and selects all code that might be called by the input program from the given libraries. Default is set at 0.5. -so, --stack-optimization Reduce the stack frame size of functions that are called with a small number of arguments. -spc, --shortcut-plt-calls Shortcut PLT calls in shared libraries to local functions if they exist. Note: Resolving to external symbols is disabled for such calls. -stf, --stack-flattening Merge the stack frames of inlined functions with the frames of the calling functions. -tb, --preserve-traceback-tables Force the restructuring of traceback tables in reordered code. If -tb option is omitted, traceback tables are automatically included only for C++ applications that use the Try & Catch mechanism. -tlo, --tocload-optimization Replace each load instruction that references the TOC with a cor- responding add-immediate instruction via the TOC anchor register, where possible. -ucde, --unreachable-code-data-elimination Remove unreachable code and non-accessed static data. -vro, --volatile-registers-optimization Eliminate stores and restores of non-volatile registers in fre- quently executed functions by using available volatile registers. -vrox, --volatile-registers-extended-optimization Eliminate stores and restores of non-volatile registers in fre- quently executed functions by using available volatile registers, the extended version supports FP registers and transparency. General Options: -h, --help Print online help. -m machine-model, --machine machine-model Generate code for the specified machine model. Target machine can be one of the following models: power2, power3, ppc405, ppc440, power4, ppc970, power5, power6, ppe, spe, spe_edp, z10, z9. Default is set to no machine. -q, --quiet Set quiet output mode, suppressing informational messages. -st stat_file, --statistics stat_file Output statistics information to stat_file. If stat_file is '-', the output goes to standard output. See --verbose for the default. -v level, --verbose level Set verbose output mode level. When set, various statistics about the target optimized program are printed into the file pro- gram.stat. Allowed level range is between 0 and 3. Default is set to 0. -V, --version Print version.]]>
Supported values for this flag are
The supported values for suboption are
level=0 Does only minimal interprocedural analysis and optimization
level=1 turns on inlining , limited alias analysis, and limited call-site tailoring
level=2 turns on full interprocedural data flow and alias analysis
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